Room temperature ferromagnetism of nonmagnetic element Ca-doped LiNbO3 films
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Abstract:
The nonmagnetic element Ca-doped LiNbO3 films were prepared on Si (111) substrates by radio frequency (RF) magnetron sputtering technique. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate that the Ca atoms enter the LiNbO3 lattice in the form of Ca2+ ions. Superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) results show that the Ca-doped LiNbO3 films have room-temperature ferromagnetism and a maximum saturation magnetization of 4800 A/m at the 3% of Ca atom doping concentration. The room temperature ferromagnetism of the Ca-doped LiNbO3 films can be attributed to the occurrence of vacancies due to Ca doping and is the intrinsic property.
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This work has been supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos.11174217 and 10904110）,
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